Curcumin for MPN: Exploring a Natural Compound’s Potential

Curcumin is a natural compound found in turmeric. It is an antioxidant and has anti-inflammatory properties. 

Recent research has shown the benefit of curcumin against some illnesses, including cancer. Now, a phase II clinical trial is currently underway studying curcumin for people with blood cancer. It includes people with clonal cytopenia of undetermined significance (CCUS), low-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (LR-MDS), and myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). The study aims to determine whether curcumin can reduce inflammation and improve quality of life.

How could curcumin reduce inflammation and improve quality of life for blood cancer patients?

Previous research has shown that curcumin can regulate key cellular pathways. According to a 2025 review published in Cancers, curcumin can regulate the NF-κB, JAK/STAT, and PI3K/Akt pathways. These cell pathways respond to stress and inflammation, which are more active in MPNs and other hematologic diseases.

Curcumin could also help balance immune responses and restore a healthier cellular environment. It does this by reducing the activity of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). The compound also acts as an antioxidant, neutralizing reactive oxygen species that can damage cells and contribute to chronic inflammation.

One challenge with curcumin use is its low absorption in the body. The compound breaks down quickly in the body and has limited bioavailability. This means that only a small fraction reaches the bloodstream. To overcome this, it may be combined with other supplements to improve absorption.

Chronic inflammation and blood cancer

Chronic inflammation is a defining feature in CCUS, LR-MDS, and MPNs. In these disorders, inflammation can manifest as symptoms such as fatigue, night sweats, bone pain, and disease progression. Researchers wanted to understand if curcumin could lessen these inflammatory effects by influencing cytokine levels and bone marrow function.

Earlier lab studies showed curcumin’s potential to modulate immune cells and prevent the activation of inflammatory pathways. However, clinical evidence in blood disorders remains limited. This ongoing trial will provide important data on whether the benefits of curcumin observed in laboratory models can be translated to real-world improvements for patients.

In the phase II trial, patients receive either a curcumin supplement (C3 Complex/Bioperine) or a placebo twice daily for 12 months. Researchers will assess changes in inflammatory markers, symptom scores, and blood cell features, while also monitoring safety and tolerability. Because inflammation drives disease progression and contributes to many MPN symptoms, therapies that can safely reduce inflammation are of significant clinical interest.

If you’re interested in learning more about the trial and whether you are eligible to participate, access HealthTree Clinical Trial finder and find if this trial is fit for you. You can find it as NCT06063486

VISIT CLINICAL TRIAL FINDER

Learn more about supplements and nutrition for MPNs with Dr. O’Connell at HealthTree’s free webinar

As part of HealthTree’s educational efforts, an upcoming webinar with Dr. Casey O’Connell, an expert in nutrition and hematologic conditions, will explore the role of vitamins, supplements, and dietary strategies for individuals living with MPNs. The discussion will include how certain nutrients, including curcumin, might interact with inflammation and immune function, and how to approach supplement use safely in coordination with your care team.

Watch Navigating Nutrition: Vitamins, Supplements & MPNs

More studies on supplements help the understanding of how natural compounds might support conventional care. While laboratory tests show curcumin’s ability to reduce inflammation and influence immune pathways, clinical research will determine its true value in patient outcomes. Learn more about complementary therapies here.

Sources: 

• Curcumin to Improve Inflammation and Symptoms in Patients With Clonal Cytopenia of Undetermined Significance, Low Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome, and Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

• From Spice to Survival: The Emerging Role of Curcumin in Cancer Immunotherapy