What are driver mutations vs passenger mutations?

[Music] what are driver and passenger mutations we're all generating mutations we all have genes in which changes are occurring in the dna and we never know about it because they're not bad changes maybe the cell doesn't survive so well but if you've got a a billion muscle cells throwing off a cell here or there that has errors is not a big problem so if we look at all the mutations we may find that there are sequences in the dna that may be different than normal but they don't have a problem they don't cause problems and we often refer to mutations as driver mutations they may drive a trait they may drive a cell to proliferate they may drive a cell to go to the bone marrow they may drive the cell to not die they may drive the cell to resist a therapy those are actionable there are other mutations that that probably have no impact and we often refer to those as passenger mutations they're along for the ride they have no particular effect on the cell we know they're there we know we all have mutations but compared to the drivers that are actionable they're just passengers along for the ride [Music]