External References

The following sources were used as references for this guide's content. 

Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS)

• Cytokine release syndrome
• Grading of cytokine release syndrome associated with the CAR T cell therapy tisagenlecleucel
• With New Bispecific Antibodies in Multiple Myeloma, Nurses Need To Know How to Manage CRS

ICANS

• Immune effector cell associated neurotoxicity syndrome in chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapy
• CAR T-Cell Grading and Management: ICANS
• In the Eye of the Storm: Immune-mediated Toxicities Associated With CAR-T Cell Therapy
• Management of ICANS Associated with Bispecific Antibodies in MM

Infection Prevention

• Prophylaxis - Pneumocystis jirovecii (carinii) pneumonia in cancer patients
• Monitoring, prophylaxis, and treatment of infections in patients with MM receiving bispecific antibody therapy: consensus recommendations from an expert panel
• Infections following bispecific antibodies in myeloma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
• Improved efficacy with early tocilizumab in the prophylaxis and treatment of cytokine release syndrome of chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma than acute lymphoblastic leukemia

IVIG 

• Is IVIG treatment medically necessary or medically beneficial?
• Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG)
• Potential Subcutaneous IG therapy 

Teclistamab 

• Teclistamab in Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma
• Detailed overview of incidence and management of cytokine release syndrome observed with teclistamab in the MajesTEC-1 study of patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma
• Support & Savings | TECVAYLI® (teclistamab-cqyv)

Elranatamab 

• Elranatamab in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: phase 2 MagnetisMM-3 trial results
• ELREXFIO.com
• Navigating Support & Financial Resources
• Your Guide to Understanding ELREXFI

Talquetamab

• Plain language summary of the MonumenTAL-1 study of talquetamab in people with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma
• U.S. FDA Approves TALVEY™ (talquetamab-tgvs), a First-in-Class Bispecific Therapy for the Treatment of Patients with Heavily Pretreated Multiple Myeloma
• Support & Resources | TALVEY® (talquetamab-tgvs)
• WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT TALVEY™

Linvoseltamab

• LYNOZYFIC™ Full Prescribing Information
• LYNOZYFIC Surround
• Patient Reported Outcomes (PROs) indicate Linvoseltamab Improves QOL

Bispecifics in Clinical Trials 

• Pretreatment with Tocilizumab Prior to the CD3 Bispecific Cevostamab in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma (RRMM) Showed a Marked Reduction in Cytokine Release Syndrome Incidence and Severity
• Bispecific Antibodies in Earlier Lines of Therapy for Patients With Multiple Myeloma: A Bright Future for the New Kids on the Block

High-Risk Myeloma and Bispecifics 

• How to Treat High-Risk Myeloma at Diagnosis and Relapse
• First results from the RedirecTT-1 study with teclistamab (tec) + talquetamab (tal) simultaneously targeting BCMA and GPRC5D in patients (pts) with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM)

Early Access Programs 

• Early Access Programs – What To Consider As A Patient
• Elranatamab