Zidovudine is a type of medication known as a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI). It works by interfering with the ability of viruses like HIV-1 to make copies of themselves inside the body.

Once inside the body, zidovudine is converted to its active form, zidovudine triphosphate (ZDV-TP). This active form blocks an enzyme called reverse transcriptase, which is essential for the virus to replicate its genetic material. By blocking this enzyme, zidovudine helps prevent the virus from multiplying and spreading to new cells.

Although zidovudine is not a cure for HIV or other viral infections, it helps to lower the amount of virus in the body, maintain immune function, and reduce the risk of complications. It is always used in combination with other antiretroviral drugs to increase its effectiveness and reduce the risk of drug resistance.

zidovudine

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