CAR T cell therapies are an exceptionally exciting non-transplant therapy future option for blood cancer patients, including multiple myeloma. CAR T cells are an engineered product, so selecting the best one and engineering it in the best way is of critical importance. Drs. Einsele and Hudecek share their deep experience in the use of CAR T cells and the lessons learned to increase the effectivity while also boosting safety measures. They describe how T cells are removed from a blood sample, engingeered to target the CS1 protein found on myeloma cells, grown up and expanded and then given back to the patient. This is a non-transplant option that stays active in patients for years. Because some testing in leukemia has shown "immune escape" or a loss of the targeted protein in 5-10% of patients, Drs. Einsele and Hudecek have identified a companion target, BCMA, to give the immune system a second targeting option. Because CAR T cells are potentially curative but extremely powerful, they have also developed an emergency brake in case of any possible negative reaction in patients using a specific antibody. And because all CAR T cells are not the same (as they are engineered), they are using what has been already proven with the safety studies done in elotuzumab; the HuLuc63 targeting domain . The work shows a very thorough approach with much contingency planning, based on many years of immunotherapy research.  The Myeloma Crowd Radio Show with Dr. Hermann Einsele and Dr. Michael Hudecek.