Erythropoietin is a glycoprotein hormone that stimulates the production of red blood cells (RBCs) in the bone marrow. It works by mimicking the action of natural erythropoietin, a hormone produced by the kidneys in response to low oxygen levels in the blood. By binding to receptors on erythroid progenitor cells in the bone marrow, it promotes their survival, proliferation, and differentiation into mature RBCs.

In patients with blood cancers or those undergoing chemotherapy, anemia is a common complication due to bone marrow suppression. Erythropoietin helps increase the reticulocyte (immature RBC) count within about 10 days of starting treatment, followed by increases in hemoglobin and hematocrit levels over 2 to 6 weeks. This can reduce the need for blood transfusions and help manage symptoms of anemia.

erythropoietin

Common brand names

Approved use in